Gary Null
See book keywords and concepts | | The following nutritional supplements are recommended for arthritis: chondroitin sulfate (generally at 500 to 1,000 mg), glucosamine sulfate (1,000 mg), silica (50 mg), manganese (25 mg), L-cysteine (500 mg), boron (5 mg), B complex (100 mg), vitamin E (400 units), calcium and magnesium citrate (1,200 mg), coenzyme QJ0 (400 mg), DMG (150 mg), TMG (150 mg), folic acid (1,000 meg), zinc (25 mg), MGM3 (1,500 mg), and a tablespoon of emulsified cod liver oil on an empty stomach when you wake up in the morning. |
Earl Mindell, R.Ph., Ph.D.
See book keywords and concepts |  What is even more exciting is the fact that the arthritis "cure" is not some high-tech, expensive medicine concocted by drug companies but a combination of three inexpensive supplements that are sold in natural food stores: chondroitin, glucosamine (page 58), and pregnenolone (see page 121).
Chondroitin, which is found in high concentration in the gristle around the joints of animals, draws fluid to the cells in the joint; that fluid provides lubrication and helps bone glide smoothly with each movement. |
Gary Null
See book keywords and concepts | | Parcell reviews the importance of sulfur in human nutrition and as applied to medicine and found, among other things, that sulfur compounds such as SAMe, dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO), taurine, glucosamine or chondroitin sulfate, and reduced glutathione may be used in the treatment of a number of disorders, including cancer. He concluded that because there are very few, if any, side effects with these sulfur compounds, and the potential for benefit is great, that human clinical trials should continue. |
David Hoffman, FNIMH, AHG
See book keywords and concepts |  They act as structural substances: for example, cellulose in plants, chitin in insects and crustaceans, and chondroitin sulfate as a component of mammalian cartilage tissue.
They also serve as energy reserves, in the forms of starch and inulin in plants and glycogen in animals. The lubricant function of hyaluronic acid and the anticoagulant activity of heparin provide some specific examples.
Polysaccharides can be subdivided according to structure into homopolysaccharides and hetero-polysaccharides. | | Mucopolysaccharides (Proteoglycans)
A group of compounds often classified as glycoproteins are the mucopolysaccharides, or proteoglycans, of connective tissue, including the chondroitin sulfates, heparin, and keratan sulfate. To distinguish them from other glycoproteins, they are called proteoglycans and their carbohydrate chains glycosaminoglycans.
Mucopolysaccharides differ from typical glycoproteins in that they contain long polysaccharide chains made up of about 100 monosaccharide units. |
Patricia Bragg and Paul C. Bragg
See book keywords and concepts |  For arthritis, osteoarthritis, pain/stiffness, try glucosamine & chondroitin sulfates & MSM combo, helps heal & regenerate. Try capsaicin & DMSO lotion.
Use amazing antioxidants - vitamin E, C, Quercetin, grapeseed extract, selenium, SOD etc. They improve the immune system and help flush out dangerous free radicals that cause havoc with the cardiovascular pipes and health. Research shows antioxidents promote longevity, slow ageing, fight toxins and help prevent cataracts, jet lag, exhaustion and disease. |
Stanley W. Jacob, M.D.
See book keywords and concepts |  In my experience, chondroitin sulfate, another nutritional supplement said to promote healthy cartilage, has not proven to offer any significant clinical benefits. Scientific research indicates that chondroitin is generally not well absorbed.
Perspective # 3—Ephrain Olszewer, M.D.
In Brazil, Efrain Olszewer, M.D., director of the International Preventive Medicine Clinic in Sao Paulo, has been testing MSM on arthritic patients for more than a year.
"We wanted to see if arthritics could be maintained on MSM alone, without any medication such as nonsteroidal antiinflammatories," says Olszewer. |
John Boik
See book keywords and concepts |  As another example, cartilage from dogs with experimentally induced osteoarthritis synthesizes chondroitin sulfate with longer carbohydrate
Signal transduction may occur via tyrosine phosphorylation (Juliano, 1994; Juliano and Varner, 1993) (see Section 14.6.). Lectins are proteins with two or more binding sites that can interact with specific sugars, thereby binding cell-surface proteoglycans (or glycolipids) and causing cell adhesion.
GAGs exist in four main forms: heparan sulfate and heparin, chondroitin sulfate and dermatan sulfate, hyaluronic acid, and keratan sulfate. |
Phyllis A. Balch, CNC
See book keywords and concepts |  Aspirin and NSAIDs suppress the joint's ability to manufacture cartilage-building proteins, and they deactivate enzymes that are essential for making chondroitin, an important cartilage component. The more the joint has been damaged by OA, the more it absorbs NSAIDs that damage it even further, starting a spiral of pain and tissue destruction. Steroid inflammatory drugs are even more destructive, causing chondroitin-making cells to die at five times the normal rate. It is especially important to avoid cortisone injections, which damage the joint and weaken the immune system. | | LM Take 1,000 milligrams of chondroitin sulfate daily for premature wrinkling of the skin (wrinkles that appear before age thirty-five). chondroitin stimulates the growth of skin cells and accelerates metabolic processes that help the skin retain moisture.
LM Drink eight glasses of water daily. Adequate hydration helps maintain skin tone.
LM Use natural oils rather than harsh soaps and cold creams to remove dirt and makeup.
LM Avoid alcohol-based toning solutions. These can dry and chap the skin.
LM Get regular exercise, and treat high blood pressure and other circulatory disorders. |
Walter Last
See book keywords and concepts |  Most helpful are glucosamine, chondroitin, mussel extract, or liquid bovine or shark cartilage, and broth of fish heads. (See Alkalizing with Calcium and Magnesium and The Calcium-Phosphorus Ratio in step 6.) additional therapies: Use warm peanut oil rubs on affected joints; also try blistering agents, or hot Epsom salt packs and baths, or use magnesium chloride instead, followed by sweating wrapped in blankets. Dissolve MSM and glucosamine in a solution of copper salicylate and rub it into affected joints. |
Phyllis A. Balch, CNC
See book keywords and concepts |  Nutrients: chondroitin, folic acid, glucosamine.
Avoid: caffeine, citrus fruits (except lemon), dairy products, eggplant, eggs, fried foods, peppers, potatoes, processed foods, red meat, saturated fats, cooked or juiced spinach, sugar, tobacco, tomatoes.
Asthma/bronchitis/ emphysema
Foods: all leafy greens, apples, carrots, cranberries, flaxseed oil, parsley, rutabaga, turnips.
Seasonings: cayenne pepper, fennel seed, fenugreek, ginger root, peppermint leaf. |
Gary Null, Ph.D.
See book keywords and concepts |  Chondroitin Sulfate...Chondroitin sulfate is a molecular cement that holds together cartilage, allowing collagen proteins to form actual tissue. It both prevents damage from arthritis and stimulates repair.
•Cod Liver Oil...In generations past, this was a well-known remedy for arthritis. Although its popularity has declined, the remedy still works.
•Gamma Linoleic Acid (GLA)...GLA is rich in prostaglandins that turn off pain and stop inflammation. It is contained in evening primrose, borage, and black currant oils. All forms are equally beneficial, but some are less expensive than others. |
Philip Yam
See book keywords and concepts |  These polysaccharides line many cell membranes and occupy the spaces between cells; they structurally support cells and lubricate joints (the most common is chondroitin sulfate, the stuff of cartilage). For many years, researchers have known that GAGs were associated with protease-resistant PrP and tend to coat PrPSc in the brain. Researchers in Caughey's lab wanted to see what the direct effect of these molecules might be in the conversion reaction. What they found was surprising. |
Dr. Gary Null
See book keywords and concepts |  Murata, "The Therapeutic Effect of chondroitin Polysulfate in Elderly Athersclerotic Patients," Journal of International Medical Research 6, no. 3 (1978): 217-25.
Chondroitin-4 sulfate prolonged thrombus formation and reduced serum cholesterol, a study of 120 coronary heart disease patients showed. Also, the treated group had fewer abnormal cardiac events over 6 years (10 percent versus 70 percent for the control group); and a lower death rate (7 percent versus 23 percent for the controls).
K. Izuka and K. Murata, Experientia 29 (1973): 255-57. |
John Croft
See book keywords and concepts |  Recently there has been a great deal of publicity for two groups of compounds—the chondroitin sulfates and the glucosamines— indicating the benefit that these can give in the treatment of arthritic disorders. We can be pleased therefore to discover that these compounds form part of the mucopolysaccharide content naturally present in the mussel extract.
Glucosamines are sugar molecules. When a number of them are coupled together in the form of a chain, they make mucopolysaccharide molecules. |
The Life Extension Editorial Staff
See book keywords and concepts |  These substances include antioxidants, glucosamine, chondroitin, and essential fatty acids (particularly, gamma-linolenic acid or GLA) that help reduce inflammation. In addition to the recommendations for pain listed above, thete are specific natutal arthritic pain products such as ArthroPro and Natural Pain Relief for Arthritis that utilize agents used in European clinics as the primary tteatment for joint inflammation.
Systemic Inflammation. Inflammation can be ttaced to destructive cell-signalling chemicals, known as cytokines, which contribute to many degenerative and autoimmune diseases. |
Michael T. Murray, N.D., Joseph E. Pizzorno, N.D.
See book keywords and concepts |  But even this theory is controversial, because in one human study 1 gram of chondroitin sulfate failed to increase serum GAG concentration at all, based on a highly sensitive measure of intact or depolymerized GAG absorption. These results prompted the researchers to conclude: "We suggest that chondroprotection by orally administered chondroitin sulfate is a biologically and pharmacologically unfounded theory. |
Phyllis A. Balch, CNC
See book keywords and concepts | | Chondroitin, although poorly absorbed through the digestive tract, is useful in increasing the effect of glucosamine.
LJ chondroitin and glucosamine are made even more effective by supplementation with 200 to 300 milligrams of magnesium ascorbate daily. This triple combination is especially helpful in treating OA of the knee and lower back.
—I Get at least fifteen to twenty minutes of sun on your hands and face every day, if possible. The ultraviolet (UV) rays of sunlight enable the skin to make vitamin D, which slows the progression of OA. |
Jack Challem
See book keywords and concepts |  Add 1 point
Do you take glucosamine or chondroitin supplements?
Add 1 point _
Do you take devil's claw, green tea, Pycnogenol, grape seed extract, or quercetin supplements?
Add 1 point _
Do you take herbal supplements such as St. John's wort, ginseng, ginkgo, or any other?
Add 1 point _
Your score on quiz 3: _
Initial interpretation and ranking:
0 Low. You do not take any anti-inflammation supplements, either because you do not need them or because you are not aware of them.
1-3 Moderate. You take some anti-inflammation supplements, which offer some protection.
4-8 High. | | This chapter will describe the recent research on glucosamine, chondroitin, and vitamin C. It begins with a brief overview of their roles in the formation of cartilage, then shifts to a discussion of the research, which is extraordinarily persuasive, on osteoarthritis. (Chapter 12 will discuss osteoarthritis in greater depth.) In a very real sense, these nutrients help hold us together, and supplements can help reinforce our health, slowing the breakdown of many tissues from age and injury. |
The Life Extension Editorial Staff
See book keywords and concepts | | Chondroitin sulfate is an anti-inflammatoty and antioxidant and inhibits LDL oxidation; suggested daily dose, one to three 400-mg tablets.
12. + Chromium, 300-400 meg a day in divided doses, modulates blood glucose levels; decreases cholestetol; and is helpful in weight management; preventive dosage, 200 meg a day.
13. | | For pain associated with arthritis, Glucosamine chondroitin Capsules, four 1000-mg capsules daily.
8. For chronic achiness associated with lupus:
• DL-Phenylalanine Plus Powder (with cofactors vitamins C and Bg), 1/2 tsp daily.
• L-tyrosine Plus Powder (with cofactors vitamins C and Bg, and magnesium), 1/2 tsp daily.
9. Avoid both physical and emotional stress which may cause flare-ups.
10. Regular aerobic exercise will build up endurance.
11. Environmental pollutants should be avoided whenever possible. v FOR MORE INFORMATION
Contact the Lupus Foundation of America, (800) 558-0121. |
Michael T. Murray, N.D., Joseph E. Pizzorno, N.D.
See book keywords and concepts | | Therefore, any direct action of orally administered chondroitin sulfate on cartilage and chondrocytes is not possible."31
The few clinical studies that have been done using orally administered chondroitin sulfate demonstrate that it is less effective than glucosamine sulfate.32"35 Far more impressive results have been achieved using glucosamine sulfate; glucosamine sulfate is faster-acting and provides much greater overall benefit.
Niacinamide
In the 1940s and 1950s, Dr. William Kaufman, and later Dr. |
The Life Extension Editorial Staff
See book keywords and concepts | | Note: Because of homocysteine's role in the metabolism of sulfur and methyl groups, elevated levels of homocysteine would be expected to negatively impact the biosynthesis of SAMe, carnitine, chondroitin sulfate, coenzyme Qiq, creatine, cysteine, dime thy lglycine, glucosamine sulfate, glutathione, melatonin, pantethine, phosphatidylcholine, and taurine. Many of these substances are profiled in the Therapeutic section for their cardioprotection and restorative qualities. The short supply of these agents could severely disable cardiac performance (Miller 1997). |
James A. Duke, Ph.D.
See book keywords and concepts |  Glucosamine helps repair damaged cartilage. chondroitin draws fluid into cartilage, which increases its shock-absorbing ability. Put the two together, and you have a promising formula for relief from osteoarthritis.
I've seen some good research attesting to the power of these supplements as treatments for osteoarthritis. The data support glucosamine more than chondroitin, but one review of 13 rigorous studies—each lasting at least 4 weeks—found that the combination provides significant benefit. What's more, these supplements are safe. |
The Life Extension Editorial Staff
See book keywords and concepts | | It often works best when taken with the fatty acids GLA, DHA, and EPA; chondroitin sulfate; manganese; and vitamins C and E.
Many studies have shown glucosamine to be a potent natural remedy for osteoarthritis that seems to affect so many of us as we age. It also opposes degeneration of the substance of the joints that occurs in arthritis. Several studies conducted at research centers in Europe have shown that supplemental glucosamine reduces joint pain, tenderness, and swelling, making joints that had been frozen with pain and inflammation usable again (Vajaradul 1981). |
Dr. Mary Dan Eades
See book keywords and concepts |  A recent and widely accepted treatment for osteoarthritis combines glucosamine with chondroitin. This duo can actually repair damaged or eroded cartilage. Glucosamine is made up of glucose and an amino acid called glutamine. It provides structure to the bone and cartilage. It is available in four forms in the United States, glucosamine sulfate being the most popular. Although it relieves symptoms when used alone, its healing and restorative qualities are greatly enhanced when paired with the chondroitin sulfates. |
Jack Challem
See book keywords and concepts | | Chondroitin typically refers to a group of chemical compounds called glycosaminoglycans, which form cartilage. These compounds are produced by cartilage cells called chondrocytes. Glucosamine stimulates the conversion of glycosaminoglycans to proteoglycans, which give cartilage its resiliency. Vitamin C is involved in some of the chemical reactions that form cartilage. That's about as technical as this chapter will get.
Cartilage breaks down throughout life and is replaced by new cartilage. |
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