Janet Zand, LAc, OMD, Allan N. Spreed, MD, CNC, James B. LaValle, RPh, ND
See book keywords and concepts |  S-adenosylmethionine (SAM or SAM-e) is an amino-acid derivative that has been shown in clinical trials to be comparable in effect to the combination of glucosamine and chondroitin. Like glucosamine, SAM plays a role in the formation of cartilage. It also exerts a mild analgesic effect. Try taking it as follows:
Week 1: Take 400 milligrams three times a day.
Week 2: Take 400 milligrams twice a day.
Week 3: Reduce to a maintenance dosage or 200 milligrams twice a day.
¦ Selenium is a powerful antioxidant that fights free-radical damage. Take 200 micrograms of selenium daily. | | Take 500 to 1,000 milligrams of black currant seed, borage, or evening primrose oil two to three times daily, plus 1 tablespoonful (or 500 to 1,000) milligrams of flaxseed oil twice daily.
¦ glucosamine and chondroitin promote joint repair, and help to relieve aches and pains in the muscles and joints. Take 500 milligrams of glucosamine sulfate or glucosamine hydrochloride (HCI) two or three times daily and 500 milligrams of chondroitin sulfate twice a day.
¦ Genistein is a phytoestrogen derived from soybeans or red clover. Plant estrogens have much milder effects than human estrogens do. | | Take 250 milligrams twice a day.
¦ glucosamine and chondroitin are beneficial for the joints and connective tissue. Take 500 milligrams of glucosamine sulfate and 350 milligrams of chondroitin sulfate three times daily. If you weigh more than 200 pounds, take the same amount four times daily.
¦ Green-foods supplements, available in health-food stores, are high in trace minerals essential to the laying down of bone. Take a green-foods supplement twice a day, as directed on the product label. |
James A. Duke, Ph.D.
See book keywords and concepts |  In addition to a multi, you may want to consider taking the following supplements, which have shown promise as osteoarthritis treatments. glucosamine and chondroitin. These two nutrients gained fame a few years back as the star supplements in the book The Arthritis Cure, by Jason Theodosakis, M.D. Glucosamine helps repair damaged cartilage. Chondroitin draws fluid into cartilage, which increases its shock-absorbing ability. Put the two together, and you have a promising formula for relief from osteoarthritis. |
Sheldon Saul Hendler and David Rorvik
See book keywords and concepts |  DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION
Hydrolyzed collagen is available in powder form by itself or in combination with other nutritional supplements, including glucosamine and chondroitin sulfate. A typical dose is 10 grams daily.
LITERATURE
Adam M, Spacek P, Hulejova H, et al. [Postmenopausal osteoporosis. Treatment with calcitonin and a diet rich in collagen proteins], [Article in Czech]. Cas Lek Cesk. 1996; 135: 74-78.
Koepff P, Muller A, Scheiber R, Turowski A, Braumer K. Agents for the treatment of arthroses. United States Patent Number 4,804,745. Feb. 14, 1989. | | Towheed TE, Anastassiades TP. glucosamine and chondroitin for treating symptoms of osteoarthritis. Evidence is widely touted but incomplete. JAMA. 2000; 283:1483-1484.
Towheed TE, Anastassiades TP. Glucosamine therapy for osteoarthritis. Editorial. / Rheumatol 1999; 26:2294-2297.
Glutamine Peptides
DESCRIPTION
Glutamine peptides refer to certain dipeptides used in total parenteral nutrition (TPN) as delivery forms of L-glutamine. | | There has been one study demonstrating an apparent synergistic effect using glucosamine and chondroitin together. The combination was more effective than either substance alone in inhibiting progression of degenerative cartilage lesions in an experimental study.
Clinical research is needed to determine if this effect is truly synergistic, additive or non-existent. The National Institutes of Health has started a large, multi-center study that may shed further light on this issue.
It is probably not surprising that glucosamine may be helpful in osteoarthritis. | | McAlindon TE, La Valley MP, Gulin JP, Felson DT. glucosamine and chondroitin for treatment of osteoarthritis. A systematic quality assessment and meta-analysis. JAMA. 2000; 283:1469-1475.
Morrison LM, Enrick L. Coronary heart disease: reduction of death rate by chondroitin sulfate A. Angiology. 1973; 24:269-287.
Morrison LM, Bajwa GS, Alfm-Slater RB, Ershoff BH. Prevention of vascular lesions by chondroitin sulfate A in the coronary artery and aorta of rats induced by a hypervitaminosis D, cholesterol-containing diet. Atherosclerosis. 1972; 16:105-118
Pipitone VR. | | Towheed TE, Anastassiades TP. glucosamine and chondroitin for treating symptoms of osteoarthritis. Evidence is widely touted but incomplete. JAMA. 2000; 283:1483-1484.
Uebelhart D, Thonar EJ, Delmas PD, et al. Effects of oral chondroitin sulfate on the progression of knee osteoarthritis: a pilot study. Osteoarthritis Cartilage. 1998; 6 SupplA:39-46.
Yamanashi S, Toyoda H, Furuya N, et al. Metabolic study on chondroitin sulfate in rabbits. Yakugaku Zasshi. 1991; 111:73-76. |
Gale Maleskey
See book keywords and concepts |  Once researchers began to uncover the active components in cartilage, however, they came up with glucosamine and chondroitin sulfate, Dr. Bucci says. These components, both of which have been used effectively to treat osteoarthritis, are available as separate supplements.
"Thus, the components of shark or bovine cartilage, but not the actual cartilage powder itself, work on arthritis," says Dr. Bucci. "Cartilage powders are much cheaper than purified components. Some manufacturers use cartilage powders and claim that their products have chondroitin. | | Apart from their absorption rates, another difference between glucosamine and chondroitin sulfate may lie in how they go about the business of saving cartilage from destruction. Whereas glucosamine may help with the rebuilding of cartilage to keep up with its breakdown, chondroitin may actually decrease the breakdown, says Dr. Das, swimming, and biking are best at strengthening muscles and are easy on your joints. Stronger muscles help protect the joints by providing support and added stability.
Exercise also helps the joints absorb fluid and needed nutrients. | | When taken together, glucosamine and chondroitin seem to slow the loss of cartilage from the joint by pumping more cartilage-generating nutrients into the body, says Dr. Das. They don't fix the hole in the tire, however, and they don't work if the tire is already flat—that is, if there's no cartilage left in the joint.
In a study conducted by Dr. Das, people with osteoarthritis were given two tablets containing 500 milligrams of glucosamine hydrochloride and 400 milligrams of chondroitin sulfate in the morning and evening. |
Barrie R Cassileth, Ph.D.
See book keywords and concepts |  Acupuncture, hand and back yoga exercises, hydrotherapy, dietary supplements glucosamine and chondroitin. attention deficit disorder Biofeedback, B vitamin supplements. backache Chiropractic, valerian, massage, and other bodywork. bronchitis Zinc lozenges, inhale steam with oil of eucalyptus, drink elderberry tea. burns (minor) Aloe gel, cream of arnica.
Carpel Tunnel Syndrome Hydrotherapy, massage, ginger compress. cholesterol, high 1 to 5 cloves of fresh garlic or coated tablet with allicin yield of four grams of fresh garlic. |
James A. Duke, Ph.D.
See book keywords and concepts | | I would be inclined to try it if my current anti-arthritis regimen—a combination of glucosamine and chondroitin, turmeric, and exercise—no longer worked for me.
Try the Herbal Pain-Relievers
A number of herbs have well-established reputations as treatments for osteoarthritis. Interestingly, many of them have the same pain-relieving properties as conventional pharmaceuticals. Only they tend to be cheaper and gentler, with fewer side effects. Here are my top picks from the herbal medicine chest. willow bark (salix, various species) and licorice (glycyrrhiza glabra). |
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